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Articles by Mechatronic Engineering
South Africa is overlooking solar technology that can keep generating electricity after sunset
© 2026 Tolerance.ca ® Inc. All reproduction rights reserved. All information reproduced on the Web pages of www.tolerance.ca (including articles, images, photographs, and logos) is protected by intellectual property rights owned by Tolerance.ca ® Inc. or, in certain cases, by its author. Any reproduction of the information for use other than personal use is prohibited.
South Africa is overlooking solar technology that can keep generating electricity after sunset
South Africa’s coal-fired power stations are retiring. The country must replace a huge amount of electricity over the next two decades. Currently, coal still of the country’s power. But the government’s national energy plan has largely overlooked one technology South Africa is particularly suited to build: concentrating solar power. There are two main ways of generating electricity from the sun. Photovoltaic (rooftop) solar panels convert sunlight directly into electricity.
A high-resolution coupled atmosphere-ocean model of the Great Barrier Reef: ACCESS-EMS-GBR v1.0
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Mastering Complexity toward High-Performance Multi-Principal Element Alloy-Based Films and Coatings: A Review on Microstructural Regulation and Property Optimization
1 Introduction High-performance metallic materials are the backbone of modern engineering, underpinning critical advancements in transportation, aerospace, energy, mining, and advanced manufacturing. As industries push the boundaries of performance and durability, the demand for metals that achieve exceptional strength and ductility/toughness has never been greater.
Optical sensing of force and acceleration based on a graphene MEMS Fabry–Perot structure
A theoretical study was conducted on a graphene ribbon suspended mass micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) optical force (acceleration) sensor based on a Fabry–Perot (FP) microcavity. The study found that when the suspended mass is subjected to an external force or acceleration, its position shifts, altering the cavity length of the FP microcavity and thereby enabling optical sensing. The sensor can operate in both spectral and intensity modes.
South Africa will run out of industrial gas by 2028 and 70,000 jobs could be lost – why government fixes are lacking
© 2026 Tolerance.ca ® Inc. All reproduction rights reserved. All information reproduced on the Web pages of www.tolerance.ca (including articles, images, photographs, and logos) is protected by intellectual property rights owned by Tolerance.ca ® Inc. or, in certain cases, by its author. Any reproduction of the information for use other than personal use is prohibited.
South Africa will run out of industrial gas by 2028 and 70,000 jobs could be lost – why government fixes are lacking
South Africa has no gas of its own. For decades, gas from Mozambique’s Pande and Temane fields supplied about 90% of South Africa’s industrial gas demand. The Mozambican gas came to South Africa through a pipeline operated by Sasol, a South African company that converts coal and gas into liquid fuels and chemicals. But after decades of extraction, the Mozambique gas fields are simply running out of gas. For this reason, Sasol will stop supplying gas to industrial customers in July 2028.
Investigating the Potential of Halophytic Seeds for Producing Edible Oil on Saline Lands: An Agroecological Approach for Advancing Bio‐Saline Agriculture
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions. References , , , , , and . 2015. “Oilseed Halophytes: A Potential Source of Biodiesel Using Saline Degraded Lands.” Biofuels 6: 241–248. , , , et al. 2023.
Investigating the Potential of Halophytic Seeds for Producing Edible Oil on Saline Lands: An Agroecological Approach for Advancing Bio‐Saline Agriculture
Higher food demand is posing a serious challenge due to land degradation, urban expansion, and climate change. Salinity alone affects about a billion hectares of land globally, rendering vast areas unsuitable for conventional crops. In this context, halophytes adapted to saline marginal lands offer a novel and sustainable solution for seed oil production.
India and South Africa burn a lot of coal: what they can learn from each other about ending the dependency
Coal accounts for about 70% of India’s electricity generation. However, India has managed faster improvements in electricity access and renewable energy integration. Both countries have national grids that are not very reliable, and don’t have enough public funds to move quickly into green (renewable) energy. We are engineering academics who research the transition to green energy. Our study identified the strengths and weaknesses in both countries’ approaches.
An extended Hegselmann-Krause model incorporating agent heterogeneity and influence propagation
Citation: Liu F, Liu Z, Zhou H (2025) An extended Hegselmann-Krause model incorporating agent heterogeneity and influence propagation. PLoS One 20(10): e0334059. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0334059 Editor: Krzysztof Malarz, AGH University of Krakow: Akademia Gorniczo-Hutnicza im Stanislawa Staszica w Krakowie, POLAND Received: June 11, 2025; Accepted: September 22, 2025; Published: October 28, 2025 Copyright: © 2025 Liu et al.
Viscoelasticity reduces the droplet size in mucosalivary film fragmentation during intense respiratory events
We examine the fundamental fluid dynamical mechanisms dictating the generation of bioaerosols in the human trachea during intense respiratory events such as coughing and sneezing, with an emphasis on the role played by the mucosalivary fluid viscoelasticity.
Finite Element Modeling of Residual Stress Formation during Nanosecond Laser Ablation of Stainless Steel
1 Introduction Laser ablation involves the removal of material from a solid surface by irradiating it with a laser beam.[1] As a highly versatile and precise method, laser ablation is utilized across various industries for applications ranging from surface texturing[2] and micro-machining[3] to laser cleaning[4] and other material processing. The process depends on the laser parameters such as wavelength, pulse duration, and fluence, as well as the material's properties.
R&D Journal – DOAJ
Updated recently 0257-9669 (Print) / 2309-8988 (Online) Website ISSN Portal About There are no publication fees (article processing charges or APCs) to publish with this journal. Expect on average 28 weeks from submission to publication. This journal began publishing in open access in 2018. What does DOAJ define as Open Accesss? This journal uses a CC BY license. Attribution → Look up their license terms. The author retains unrestricted copyrights and publishing rights.
Biomagnetic field effects on pulsatile non-Newtonian blood flow with gold nanoparticles in a bifurcated artery in the presence of aneurysm - Pramana
Abstract Mathematical modelling of human blood flow with nanofluids facilitates rapid hypothesis development (the accelerated formulation and testing of scientific ideas or assumptions about how a system behaves, in this case, human blood flow with nanofluids) and cost reduction in biomedical research.
Unique Performance Considerations for Printable Organic Semiconductor and Perovskite Radiation Detectors: Toward Consensus on Best Practice Evaluation
1 Introduction The use of ionizing radiation has experienced rapid growth in a wide range of applications, including fundamental materials characterization, medical diagnostics and treatment, space exploration, nuclear energy, security inspection, and wearable health monitoring.[1-4] Quantitative evaluation of radiation intensity is critical to not only extract useful technical information in scientific applications, but also to ensure safe use and implementation of emerging radiation...
Fatigue Strength of Wire Arc Additive Manufactured Nano‐Particle Enhanced AA7075 Material
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. References 1 and , “Advanced Lightweight Materials and Manufacturing Processes for Automotive Applications,” MRS Bulletin 40 (2015): 1045–1054. 2 and , “Recent Developments in Advanced Aircraft Aluminium Alloys,” Materials & Design (1980–2015) 56 (2014): 862–871. 3 and , “Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA7075(T6) Hybrid Laser/GMA Welds,” Materials Science and Engineering A 459 (2007): 94–100.
Concurrent Optimization of Unit‐Cell Topology and Tessellating Orientation for Finite Periodic Structures
1 Introduction Topology optimization has emerged as a powerful design tool in the field of structural engineering, facilitating creation of highly-efficient and high-performance structures by optimizing their material distribution [1-5]. However, translation of optimal designs to real-world applications often encounters various issues arising from practical constraints inherent in manufacturing and construction processes [6, 7].
Craig McGregor
Associate Professor in Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering and Director of the Solar Thermal Energy Research Group, Stellenbosch University
A hybrid springback compensation method for geometry complexity in stamping - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
Abstract Springback compensation is a crucial approach to maintaining the accuracy of stamping parts with complex features. It has been challenging to determine the position of a characteristic point at the geometrical features during springback compensation. The currently available numerical approaches are not always sufficiently accurate and reliable, particularly when high-strength steels are increasingly used for lightweight structures.
Exploring Heat Transfer and Entropy Generation in a Dual Cavity System
• and , “ Augmentation of Natural Convective Heat Transfer in Square Cavity by Utilizing Nanofluids in the Presence of Magnetic Field and Uniform Heat Generation/Absorption ,” International Journal of Thermal Sciences ( ): – , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2012.02.029.
New insights into the charge property at active sites boost PMS activation over LaFe0.3Mn0.7O3 - Scientific Reports
Abstract Perovskite-based materials have become a new direction for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation in pollutants degradation. However, the mechanism towards PMS activation remains insufficient. In this paper, a series of LaMxMn1−xO3 materials with B-site doping were developed by sol-gel self-propagating combustion method.
Finite difference simulations for Darcy-Forchheimer-Brinkman model of MHD Oldroyd B fluid flow past a permeable sheet containing microorganisms
REFERENCES 1: On the formulation of rheological equations of state. Proc. R Soc. Lond. A Math. Phys. Sci. 200(1063), 523–541 (1950) 2, , : Exact solution for MHD flow of a generalized Oldroyd-B fluid with modified Darcy's law. Int. J. Eng. Sci. 44(5–6), 333–339 (2006) 3, , : Numerical simulation of Oldroyd B fluid with application to hemodynamics. Adv. Mech. Eng. 11(5), 1–7 (2019) 4, , : Hydromagnetic Couette flow of an Oldroyd-B fluid in a rotating system. Int. J. Eng. Sci.
Professional development of early-career researchers at the South African Journal of Science
Copyright is retained by the authors. Readers are welcome to reproduce, share and adapt the content without permission provided the source is attributed. Disclaimer: The publisher and editors accept no responsibility for statements made by the authors
Dual-Porosity Apparent Permeability Models of Unconventional Gas Migration Based on Biot’s Porous Media - Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica
Abstract Stress-dependent permeability models are developed for the organic pores and inorganic cleats/ fractures in unconventional gas reservoirs, which are modeled as Biot’s porous media of dual-porosity. Further considering multiple flow mechanisms such as dynamic effects of gas flow and surface diffusion, apparent permeability models are obtained to investigate the characteristics of unconventional gas migration.
A low‐profile circularly polarized cavity‐based waveguide aperture antenna
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare no conflict of interest. REFERENCES 1, , , , . Design of circularly polarized antenna with wide overlapped axial-ratio and gain beamwidths for upper hemispherical coverage. Microw Opt Technol Lett. 2024; 66(2):e34038. 2, , , , , . Circularly polarized elliptical patch array antennas for GPS. 2021 Research, Invention, and Innovation Congress: Innovation Electricals and Electronics (RI2C). IEEE; 2021: 92-96. 3, , , , , .
Heat transfer assessment incorporated with entropy generation within a curved corner structure enclosing a cold domain
1 INTRODUCTION In the 21st century, designing buildings in cold climates often involves the prevalent use of sharp, angular corners. Traditional square, rectangular, or irregularly shaped rooms face challenges in achieving efficient heat transfer (HT). Some countries have significantly changed by using curved corners to improve HT. However, this architectural feature is not widely adopted in building design.
Turbulence statistics and transport in compressible mixing driven by spherical implosions with narrowband and broadband initial perturbations
Compressible turbulent mixing evolving from Richtmyer-Meshkov and Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities and Bell-Plesset effects has been investigated using high-resolution implicit large eddy simulations of fundamental spherical implosion problems. Broadband (BB) and narrowband (NB) initial perturbations consisting of multimode cosine perturbations are considered at a high Atwood number (At=0.9) corresponding to a density ratio of 20.
Multi-type concept drift detection under a dual-layer variable sliding window in frequent pattern mining with cloud computing - Journal of Cloud Computing
The DLVSW-CDTD algorithm is an algorithm for handling CD in cloud computing environments. In the following, we will focus on the algorithm’s relation to cloud computing. In cloud computing environments, updating must account for the aging and overfitting of the model. To enhance the accuracy and robustness of the model, the following measures can be adopted.
Quantifying Bite Forces for Solid Foods: Implications for Patients Postmandibular Reconstruction
1 Introduction Osseous free flap reconstruction of the mandible aims to restore bony continuity, facial esthetics, and oral function [1, 2]. In this context, mastication depends on the mechanical integrity of the reconstructed mandibular system, without which, excessive loading risks hardware failure due to plate deformation or fracture and screw loosening due to osteolysis [3].
Enhanced Photocatalytic and Photovoltaic Performance Arising from Unconventionally Low Donor-Y6 Ratios
Development of both organic photovoltaics (OPVs) and organic photocatalysts has focused on utilizing the bulk heterojunction (BHJ). The BHJ promotes charge separation and enhances the carrier lifetime, but may give rise to increased charge traps, hindering performance. Here, high photocatalytic and photovoltaic performance is displayed by electron donor–acceptor (D–A) nanoparticles (NPs) and films, using the non-fullerene acceptor Y6 and polymer donor PIDT-T8BT.
An artificial neural network for digital image correlation dynamic subset selection based on speckle pattern quality metrics
1 INTRODUCTION Widespread adoption of digital image correlation (DIC) has prompted extensive investigation of its error sources leading to the development of improved DIC algorithms to mitigate these thereby enabling more accurate and reliable displacement measurements.1-4 Furthermore, the International DIC Society provides a ‘Good Practices Guide’,5 part of which aims to better identify and limit errors through effective experimental design.
Second harmonic generation in an anisotropic lithium niobate metasurface governed by quasi-BICs
Resonant metasurfaces can greatly trap the light fields, so that they are widely used to enhance light–matter interactions at the nanoscale, such as promoting nonlinear effects of materials. Lithium niobate (LN) is an excellent nonlinear optical material and is often employed to generate harmonic signals. In this Letter, we numerically study the second harmonic generation (SHG) characteristics of the LN metasurface based on the quasi-bound states in the continuum (QBIC).
Feasibility of gold nanocones for collocated tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscope imaging
1 INTRODUCTION Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is an imaging technique that allows simultaneous, Raman, and topographical mapping of a surface.1, 2 The optical performance of TERS is dependent on the formation of collective oscillations of surface electrons, known as surface plasmons, on a metal tip.3, 4 Surface plasmons cause charge accumulation at the tip apex, which results in an enhanced electric field that is confined to the surface of the tip.5 This enhanced electric field is...
A review and classification of scheduling objectives in unpaced flow shops for discrete manufacturing - Journal of Scheduling
Abstract The gap between production scheduling theory and practice still persists as theoretical scheduling models do not cover real-world characteristics such as the multidimensional nature of scheduling decisions appropriately. Moreover, the set of objectives used in classical scheduling does not fully capture multidimensional scheduling decisions.
Editorial: Advances in soft matter biological adhesives
Background of Research Topic Nature used millions of years of evolution to produce its material designs – a length of time that is not available to scientists and engineers searching for novel solutions to complex materials challenges (Cohen and Reich, 2016; Wolff et al., 2017; Wang and Lee, 2019; Xue et al., 2019; Melrose, 2022; Cerullo et al., 2023; Stuart-Fox et al., 2023).
Realization of High Magnetization in Artificially Designed Ni/NiO Layers through Exchange Coupling
1 Introduction Magnetic materials are used in a wide variety of critical technological applications such as magnetic recording media, transformers, motors, microelectromechanical systems, wireless chargers, permanent magnets, water treatment, hyperthermia, magnetic resonance imaging, drug-delivery platforms, and biosensors.[1-9] The key properties of magnetic materials relevant to these types of high-performance applications are saturation magnetization and coercivity.
Liquified petroleum gas provides a technically viable and financially feasible means to reduce Eskom’s diesel cost burden by 30% to 40%
Clark, S. R., & McGregor, C. (2023). Liquified petroleum gas provides a technically viable and financially feasible means to reduce Eskom’s diesel cost burden by 30% to 40%. South African Journal of Science , 119 (9/10). https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2023/16594 Copyright is retained by the authors. Readers are welcome to reproduce, share and adapt the content without permission provided the source is attributed.
Effect of gingival height of a titanium base on the biomechanical behavior of 2-piece custom implant abutments: A 3-dimensional nonlinear finite element study
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How microplastics are transported and deposited in realistic upper airways?
Total deposition efficiencies of spherical, cylindrical, and tetrahedral microplastics with different diameters are presented in Fig. 16 for 7.5 and 30 l/min with various microplastics sizes, including 1.6, 2.56, and 5.56 μm, respectively. For 7.5 l/min, the deposition of 2.56 and 5.56-μm cylindrical microplastics is higher, while the 1.6-μm cylindrical particles have a lower deposition rate than others.
Translational Boundaries as Incipient Ferrielectric Domains in Antiferroelectric ${\mathrm{PbZrO}}_{3}$
Abstract In the archetypal antiferroelectric PbZrO3, antiparallel electric dipoles cancel each other, resulting in zero spontaneous polarization at the macroscopic level. Yet in actual hysteresis loops, the cancellation is rarely perfect and some remnant polarization is often observed, suggesting the metastability of polar phases in this material.
Organic salt composition of pressure sensitive adhesives produced by spiders
Introduction Loss of adhesion as temperature or humidity fluctuates is one of many drawbacks of modern synthetic adhesives (Kinloch, 1987). The adhesives used by animals, on the other hand retain their adhesive function across most environmental conditions and are often tailored to perform best at conditions that are challenging for artificial adhesives (Smith and Callow, 2006; Hennebert et al., 2015; Jain et al., 2015; Singla et al., 2018).
Quasi-symmetry-protected BICs in a double-notched silicon nanodisk metasurface
Abstract Bound states in the continuum (BICs) hold great promise in enhancing light–matter interaction as they have an infinite Q-factor. To date, the symmetry-protected BIC (SP-BIC) is one of the most intensively studied BICs because it is easily found in a dielectric metasurface satisfying certain group symmetry. To convert SP-BICs into quasi-BICs (QBICs), structural symmetry shall be broken so that external excitation can access them.
Bayesian network modelling to identify on-ramps to childhood obesity - BMC Medicine
Obesity is a complex health issue, with multiple factors that operate at the level of the individual, family and beyond contributing to its development and maintenance [1, 16, 17]. For example, strong positive associations between parental and offspring BMI have been documented in many studies using traditional regression analytic approaches [18,19,20].
Clinical associations of fetal heart rate accelerations as derived from transabdominal fetal electrocardiograms
Moreno Villares J. Collado M. Larqué E. Leis Trabazo R. Saenz De Pipaon M. Moreno A.L. Los primeros 1000 días: una oportunidad para reducir la carga de las enfermedades no transmisibles [The first 1000 days: an opportunity to reduce the burden of noncommunicable diseases]. Nutr Hosp. 2019; 36: 218-232https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.02453 Fetal-neonatal neurology program development: Continuum of care during the first 1000 days. J Perinatol.
Trapped-Hydrogen-Induced Energy Loss in Tin-Based Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells
Abstract This paper is a contribution to the Physical Review Applied collection titled Photovoltaic Energy Conversion. The hitherto subdued power conversion efficiencies of Sn-based hybrid perovskite solar cells are generally attributed to severe nonradiative recombination; however, the responsible deep-level defects are still unclear. Here, we report an important nonradiative energy loss mechanism in the prototypical FASnI3 [FA = HC(NH2)2, formamidinium].
The concentration-dependent effect of hydrocortisone on the structure of model lung surfactant monolayer by using an in silico approach
The concentration-dependent effect of hydrocortisone on the structure of model lung surfactant monolayer by using an in silico approach† Understanding the adsorption mechanism of corticosteroids in the lung surfactant requires the knowledge of corticosteroid molecular interactions with lung surfactant monolayer (LSM). We employed coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation to explore the action of hydrocortisone on an LSM comprised of a phospholipid, cholesterol and surfactant protein.
INFLUENCE OF POWDER CHARACTERISTICS ON THE SPREADABILITY OF PRE-ALLOYED TUNGSTEN- CARBIDE COBALT
INFLUENCE OF POWDER CHARACTERISTICS ON THE SPREADABILITY OF PRE-ALLOYED TUNGSTEN- CARBIDE COBALT Preyin Govender, Deborah Clare Blaine, Natasha Sacks Abstract With rising interest in additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, there is an increased focus on research that evaluates critical parameters that guide the selection of powders that are suitable for AM. One such parameter is a powder’s spreadability, described by metrics such as powder bed density and percentage coverage.
A Self‐Supported High‐Entropy Metallic Glass with a Nanosponge Architecture for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution under Alkaline and Acidic Conditions (Adv. Funct. Mater. 38/2021)
Inside Back Cover Zhe Jia, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia Search for more papers by this author Keita Nomoto, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia Australian Centre for Microscopy & Microanalysis, and School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006 Australia...
Structural hierarchy defeats alloy cracking
PerspectiveMetallurgy Xianghai An School of Aerospace, Mechanical, and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Email: xianghai.an{at}sydney.edu.au See allHide authors and affiliations Science 20 Aug 2021: Vol. 373, Issue 6557, pp. 857-858 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk1671 Summary High-performance alloys play a critical role in demanding engineering applications in manufacturing, infrastructure, and transportation (1).
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