Lei Yu
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Articles by Lei Yu
Brain DNA methylation, APOE genotype and Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology in a large postmortem cohort
Abstract DNA methylation (DNAm) plays a critical role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previous epigenome-wide association studies using 450K arrays captured limited CpG coverage and often focused on a single neuropathological measure.
Oral small-molecule GLP-1RA safiglipron versus dapagliflozin in type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, active-comparator-controlled phase 3 trial
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Abstract Safiglipron is an oral small-molecule glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist administered without fasting or dietary restrictions. We evaluated its efficacy and safety versus dapagliflozin in OUTSTAND-2, a phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active-comparator-controlled trial conducted at 98 sites in China.
By Lixin Guo, Dongni Yu, Yimei Xu, Guo Tang, Liang Peng, Meng Zhao, Wen Hu, Debin Huang, Lei Yu, Guangxiu Wu, Lihui Zhang, Yuan Gao Verified, Tingyan Zhong, Zi Ye, Chaoyang Zeng
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Nature
Verified
Computer Science > Computation and Language
We connect the spurious-reward paradox to a model's reachability and propose random-reward reinforcement learning (RL) as a useful tool for the probing enterprise, addressing a decade-long debate over what probing performance actually reveals about a model.
Regulation of microbial community structure and metabolism in rice-flavor Baijiu fermentation by yeast-fortified Xiaoqu
Food and Fermentation Industries ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (17) : 102-111. DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.045175 Regulation of microbial community structure and metabolism in rice-flavor Baijiu fermentation by yeast-fortified Xiaoqu {{javascript:window.custom_author_en_index=0;}} {{article.zuoZhe_EN}} Author information History Download Citations {{article.zuoZheEn_L}}. {{article.title_en}}[J].
The ‘Belt and Road’ initiative and China–Africa relations
ABSTRACT This article examines China’s BRI in Africa through a qualitative political economy analysis of Chinese strategic discourse, supplemented by African and critical international scholarship. Rather than providing an exhaustive empirical evaluation of all BRI projects, the article investigates how Chinese policymakers and scholars conceptualise BRI’s strategic purposes and how these narratives relate to infrastructure, resource, energy and industrial cooperation.
Research on cutting parameter optimization for plunge-cutting of cyclo-palloid spiral bevel gears
Abstract Cyclo-Palloid spiral bevel gears hold significant application value in high-end equipment manufacturing due to their superior transmission smoothness and high load-bearing characteristics. However, traditional machining processes face technical bottlenecks such as pronounced cutting force fluctuations and low processing efficiency.
AI-driven radiomics and functional imaging integration for intelligent identification of coronary high-risk plaques and prediction of cardiovascular events
Background: Accurate identification of high-risk coronary plaques and prediction of cardiovascular events are essential for improving the management of coronary artery disease (CAD). Although coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) is widely used in clinical practice, conventional assessment methods remain limited by subjective interpretation and suboptimal prognostic accuracy.
High density lipoprotein cholesterol mediates the association between triglyceride-glucose index and coronary artery disease in non-diabetes patients
Abstract The triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index is considered a biochemical marker of insulin resistance (IR) and exhibits a significant correlation with cardiovascular disease occurrence. This study aims to explore the association between TyG index and coronary artery disease (CAD) in non-diabetes patients, and further evaluate the mediating role of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in this relationship.
Association between preoperative chronic steroid use and pulmonary embolism in adult tumor craniotomy: Linking role of platelet-to-white blood cell ratio
Loading metrics Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Citation: Gong B, Liu S, Chen S, Yu L, Liu L, Tan L (2026) Association between preoperative chronic steroid use and pulmonary embolism in adult tumor craniotomy: Linking role of platelet-to-white blood cell ratio. PLoS One 21(8): e0355416.
Computer Science > Information Theory
Motivated by a conjecture of Amari and Kobayashi, we study the problem of identifying pairs of Boolean functions that maximize the Kullback-Leibler divergence between two distributions obtained by separately compressing two correlated sources. When the reference distribution corresponds to independent sources, this problem reduces to the problem of maximizing mutual information, for which the optimality of dictator functions has been proved by Pichler, Piantanida, and Matz.
Integration of gene expression and alternative splicing enhances IGHV mutation status and survival risk prediction in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Abstract The immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IGHV) mutation status is a key prognostic marker in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), shaping disease progression and therapeutic response. Current IGHV testing relies on molecular genomic analyses and requires specific laboratory tests, limiting its accessibility.
Enhanced recovery after surgery principles in pediatric fractures and sports injuries: strategies, technologies, and outcomes
Abstract Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols have been widely validated across adult surgical specialties, with consistent evidence showing their ability to improve patient outcomes and shorten recovery durations. In contrast, the application of ERAS principles in the management of pediatric fractures and sports-related injuries is still in the early stages of development; although the supporting evidence remains limited, it is gradually accumulating.
Targeting the nuclear factor kappa B pathway for the medical management of intervertebral disc degeneration
Abstract Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), a key contributor to low back pain, is driven by multiple predisposing factors, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and mechanical stress, among others, severely impacting patients’ quality of life. The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway is crucial in the development of IVDD. This review examines the mechanisms of NF-κB activation, focusing on classical and non-classical pathways and their roles in IVDD progression.
Expert insight: Crafting AI prompts builds descriptive writing skills
You are sitting at your computer, interacting with a generative AI model like ChatGPT Image or Midjourney. You have a distinct picture in your mind, and you begin with a simple, general prompt: a chair in a cozy room. The image appears, but you frown. You realize that to get what you want, you must elaborate, so you experiment with more descriptive prompts: Dark mahogany wood. Dim yellow lamplight. Late autumn dusk.
A One-Pot CRISPR-Cas12b Assay for Rapid Detection of Human Adenovirus Serotypes 3 and 7
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement Data will be made available on request. Supporting Information References 1, , and , “Structure of Human Adenovirus,” Current Opinion in Virology 2 (2012): 115–121. 2, , , et al., “Cryo-EM Structure of Human Adenovirus D26 Reveals the Conservation of Structural Organization Among Human Adenoviruses,” Science Advances 3 (2017): e1602670.
Rapid, sensitive, and highly specific diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus using recombinase polymerase amplification-based biosensor and fluorescence detection
Abstract Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children, highlighting the need for rapid and accessible molecular detection. Here, we developed two recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-based assays for the detection and differentiation of RSV-A and RSV-B, combining fluorescence readout or lateral flow biosensor (LFB) visualization, termed RSV-RPA-FLU and RSV-RPA-LFB, respectively.
mZVI-Enhanced Mixed Nitrogen Removal in Klebsiella oxytoca via Coordinated Electron Transfer and Metabolic Reprogramming
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Supporting Information References , and . 2005. “Using the KEGG Database Resource.” Current Protocols in Bioinformatics 11, no. 1: 1–12. , and . 2024.
How AI prompting turned writerly description into an everyday skill
By Lei Yu, Western University You are sitting at your computer, interacting with a generative AI model like ChatGPT Image or Midjourney. You have a distinct picture in your mind, and you begin with a simple, general prompt: a chair in a cozy room. The image appears, but you frown. You realize that to get what you want, you must elaborate, so you experiment with more descriptive prompts: Dark mahogany wood. Dim yellow lamplight. Late autumn dusk.
How AI prompting turned writerly description into an everyday skill Original
You are sitting at your computer, interacting with a generative AI model like ChatGPT Image or Midjourney. You have a distinct picture in your mind, and you begin with a simple, general prompt: a chair in a cozy room. The image appears, but you frown. You realize that to get what you want, you must elaborate, so you experiment with more descriptive prompts: Dark mahogany wood. Dim yellow lamplight. Late autumn dusk.
How AI prompting turned writerly description into an everyday skill
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Associations of stable psychological traits with multi-omic subtypes of Alzheimer’s dementia
Abstract Psychological traits reflecting neuroticism, depressive symptoms, loneliness, and purpose in life are risk factors of AD dementia; however, the underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unknown.
Copper-Catalyzed Alkylalkynylation of [1.1.1]Propellane under Photocatalyst- and Ligand-Free Conditions Click to copy article link Article link copied!
Cite Jump to ExpandCollapse LetterJune 10, 2026 Copper-Catalyzed Alkylalkynylation of [1.1.1]Propellane under Photocatalyst- and Ligand-Free Conditions Click to copy article linkArticle link copied! Yijie Huang Yijie Huang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Siwangting Road 180, 225002 Yangzhou, China Lei Yu Lei Yu Binhai Clinical College, Yangzhou University Medical College, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Fudong Road 188, 224500 Yancheng, China Lianmin Yang*...
Cusp-singularity-enhanced Coriolis effect for sensitive chip-scale gyroscopes
Abstract Gyroscopes, as fundamental inertial sensors, are crucial for rotation measurements in the consumer electronics, automotive and aerospace industries, with the most widely used kind relying on the Coriolis effect1,2,3,4,5,6.
Microbiological eradication of XDR Acinetobacter baumannii intra-abdominal infection using sulbactam-durobactam: clinical and microbiological outcomes amidst irreversible host comorbidities
Abstract Background: The management of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in deep-seated infections remains a critical challenge, particularly when compounded by severe host comorbidities.
Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Ameliorates Nano-Aluminum Oxide-Induced Cognitive Impairment and Ferroptosis via the GSH/GPX4 Axis
Lei Yu and Tao Zhang contributed equally to this work. L.Yu, T.Zhang, X.Lou, et al. “Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Ameliorates Nano-Aluminum Oxide-Induced Cognitive Impairment and Ferroptosis via the GSH/GPX4 Axis.” Small (2026): e08100. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202508100 Conflicts of Interest The authors have declared no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement Data will be made available on reasonable request.
Associations of metals and micronutrients with functional disability in Chinese older adults: a mixture analysis approach
Abstract Global aging underscores the public health challenge of disability in activities of daily living (ADL). Nutrition is a modifiable factor for maintaining physical function, yet evidence regarding the joint effects of metals and micronutrients on ADL disability is limited. To evaluate individual and combined associations of seven metals and two micronutrients with ADL disability a Chinese elderly population. This cross-sectional study enrolled 3974 adults aged ≥ 60 years.
Sa2019 FROM REFERRAL TO SURGERY: WHAT ARE THE GREATEST BARRIERS TO LIVER TRANSPLANTATION?
Also available on ScienceDirect
Versatile heavy metal ion separation via biological ion-channel-inspired membranes
Abstract Solvent extraction and adsorption methods are predominantly used to extract heavy metal ions by binding them selectively. However, these methods require excessive chemical use and cause environmental problems. The membrane separation method avoids these problems but remains poorly compatible with heavy metal ions.
Sequential CD19/CD22 CAR-T cell therapy following ASCT shows improved efficacy versus CAR-T alone in relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma
To the editor: Patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) continue to face a poor prognosis, with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) after salvage chemotherapy curing only ≤30% of eligible patients [1, 2]. While CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has revolutionized treatment with 50–80% response rates, 40–70% of patients still relapse due to antigen escape or other resistance mechanisms [3, 4].
Synthesis of aniline from dinitrogen and benzene mediated by magnesium oxide supported sodium hydride
Abstract The activation and valorization of inert molecules (e.g., dinitrogen (N2), alkanes, and alkenes) for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing organic compounds have long been a highly sought-after goal in chemistry. However, it remains a formidable challenge, stemming from the inherent chemical inertness of the robust N ≡ N and C-H bonds, as well as the competitive adsorption and activation of reactants.
Regulating Local Coordination Environment of Single-Atom Co Absorbers for Dielectric-Magnetic Dual Loss Modulation
X.Liu, Y.Qian, L.Yu, et al. “Regulating Local Coordination Environment of Single-Atom Co Absorbers for Dielectric-Magnetic Dual Loss Modulation.” Advanced Materials (2026): e72966. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.72966 Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Lysine-Engineered Seawater-Tolerant Nanozyme for Sustainable Inactivation of Drug-Resistant Bacteria in Marine Environments Click to copy article link Article link copied!
Cite Jump to ExpandCollapse ArticleMarch 27, 2026 Lysine-Engineered Seawater-Tolerant Nanozyme for Sustainable Inactivation of Drug-Resistant Bacteria in Marine Environments Click to copy article linkArticle link copied! Lei Yu Lei Yu College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China Yifei Wang Yifei Wang College of Chemistry and...
An oral allopregnanolone prodrug bypasses liver metabolism via lymphatic transport enabling bioavailability in animals and humans
Editor’s summary Many drugs cannot be given orally often because the liver breaks down the drug. In a new study, Simpson et al. developed the Glyph platform for lymphatic targeting of prodrugs in which a drug of interest is conjugated to a dietary lipid molecule, thus bypassing liver metabolism and shifting drug absorption to the gut lymphatic system. The authors use this platform to develop GlyphAllo, a prodrug of the neuroactive steroid antidepressant and anxiolytic drug allopregnanolone.
NKX6.1 mRNA copy number is an actionable biomarker associated with islet function and clinical outcomes after islet transplantation
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Editor’s summary Pancreatic islet transplantation is an important therapeutic option for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), but current release metrics collected before transplantation have been poor predictors of graft performance and clinical outcomes. Pasquetti et al.
By Lei Yu, Mohammad Samie, Jamie Simpson, Gianni Pasquetti, Julien Thévenet, Mikaël Chetboun, Natascha de Graaf, Françoise Carlotti, Eelco de Koning, Jimmy Vandel, Mireia Arjona Ramos, Lorenzo Pasquali, Chimène Amayene Amassogo, Valentin Lericque, Isaline Louvet, Anaïs Coddeville, Nathalie Delalleau
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Science Magazine
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Engineered zinc finger repressors induce a prolonged and selective repression of SCN9A in nociceptors of nonhuman primates
Editor’s summary The voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7 is critical for peripheral pain signaling, but the development of safe small-molecule inhibitors has been challenged by structural similarities between Nav1.7 and other Nav channels. Here, Samie et al. designed zinc finger repressors (ZFRs) to selectively bind and repress the expression of Nav1.7 encoded by the SCN9A gene.
LSD1 inhibition ameliorates congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II
Editor’s summary Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II (CDAII) is caused by autosomal recessive mutations in SEC23 homolog B (SEC23B) and is characterized by anemia and ineffective erythropoiesis. Because increasing SEC23A expression can ameliorate these defects, Yu and colleagues performed a screen to identify small molecules that increased SEC23A abundance, with their top hit being an inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1).
Quantifying myocardial oxygen consumption and efficiency with motion-resolved cardiac MRI
Editor’s summary How the heart uses oxygen is important to understand for many pathologies. Huang et al. developed a noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to quantify myocardial oxygen consumption to address complex calibration and motion artifacts that often make clinical MRI difficult to use. The MRI technique is self-calibrating, high resolution, and motion resolved, which allowed quantification of myocardial oxygen extraction from the blood within 3 min.
Misbehaviour dominates GHG emissions from food loss and waste
Abstract Food loss and waste (FLW) generates ~19% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, yet its determinants and mitigation potential remain insufficiently understood. To address this, we develop a mechanistic framework that disaggregates FLW emissions into those driven by techno-economic constraints, surplus production and mis-consumption, with the latter two constituting misbehaviour-driven emissions.
Marangoni‐Driven Sintering of Liquid Metal Droplets for Strain‐Insensitive Flexible Electronics
1 Introduction Stretchable electronics based on liquid metals (LM) show promising applications in soft robotics [1], wearable sensors [2, 3], biomedical implantable devices [4, 5], and electronic skin [6]. LMs with high electrical conductivity and near-zero Young's modulus are ideal candidates for stretchable electronics [7]. However, the high surface tension (e.g., 624 mN m‒1 for GaIn alloy with 74.5 wt% Ga) makes it challenging to fabricate flexible electronics.
Direct cyanation of aromatic rings using dinitrogen and methane promoted by nonthermal plasma
Abstract Directly converting dinitrogen (N2) into valuable nitrogen-containing compounds remains an enduring challenge in chemical synthesis. Here, we report the direct cyanation of aromatic substrates using N2 and methane (CH4) at atmospheric pressure facilitated by a custom-built, air-free dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma system. A broad range of aromatic compounds, including benzene, were successfully transformed into their corresponding aromatic nitriles.
Correlative molecular-to-mesoscale evolution in conjugated polymers for intrinsically stretchable organic photovoltaics - Nature Communications
Abstract Conjugated polymer thin films offer a unique combination of tunable optoelectronic properties and mechanical flexibility, making them as promising materials for intrinsically stretchable optoelectronic devices. However, achieving both mechanical robustness and high device performance remains a key challenge. Addressing this requires a fundamental understanding of how molecular and mesoscale structures evolve under mechanical strain.
Mechanistic Understanding of Curvature Effects on ORR/OER Activity in Single‐Atom Catalysts From Atomic‐Scale Perspective
Ninggui Ma Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and...
Improved phase retrieval based on bidimensional empirical mode decomposition for dual-wavelength off-axis digital holography
This paper presents an enhanced phase reconstruction method for simultaneous dual-wavelength off-axis digital holography that achieves both high computational efficiency and superior reconstruction quality.
Expert insight: Decoding "vibes" and collective experiences in the age of technology
Our contemporary lives are saturated with vibes. You buy an ambient lamp to set a vibe, scroll through shopping sites selling “Tuscan vibes” or walk into a room and instantly sense this party has a buzzing vibe. Yet when someone asks where the vibe comes from, the answer gets slippery. Is it in the light? Not quite. The light blends into the room, mixing with voices, colours and furniture. It’s not just one thing. Vibe is elusive. It spreads, permeates and connects.
Nuclear receptor corepressor 1 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in clear cell renal cell carcinoma - Scientific Reports
Abstract This study investigates the potential of nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCOR1) as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Through the analysis of data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases, along with immunohistochemical testing of clinical samples, this study revealed that NCOR1 expression was significantly downregulated in ccRCC tissues when compared to normal tissues.
#GoodVibesOnly: The shared emotions we don’t quite name
By Lei Yu, PhD Candidate in Comparative Literature, Western University ‘Vibe’ is not a vague feeling, but a shared human experience shaped by environments, design and social interaction. Understanding it matters in a reality that’s increasingly shaped by technology. Read complete article © The Conversation -
#GoodVibesOnly: The shared emotions we don’t quite name Original
Our contemporary lives are saturated with vibes. You buy an ambient lamp to set a vibe, scroll through shopping sites selling “Tuscan vibes” or walk into a room and instantly sense this party has a buzzing vibe. Yet when someone asks where the vibe comes from, the answer gets slippery. Is it in the light? Not quite. The light blends into the room, mixing with voices, colours and furniture. It’s not just one thing. Vibe is elusive. It spreads, permeates and connects.
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