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Articles by Lawrence Corey
mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in people with HIV: an immune correlates analysis of CD4 + T cell responses in the multicenter CoVPN 3008 observational study
Abstract T cell correlates of COVID-19 risk are poorly defined, particularly in people with HIV (PWH). CoVPN 3008 (NCT05168813) Part A was a prospective 14,002-participant cohort study that administered one or two doses of mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine, depending on baseline SARS-CoV-2 serostatus, in participants (83% PWH) in sub-Saharan Africa. Participants self-monitored for prespecified COVID-19 symptoms, defined by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention symptom criteria.
Prophylactic treatment with broadly neutralizing antibody VRC01 selects for escape mutants after infection in Antibody-Mediated Prevention trials
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Abstract Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) show promise in HIV prevention, yet viral escape remains a challenge. In the Antibody-Mediated Prevention (AMP) trials, the CD4 binding site (CD4bs) bnAb VRC01 blocked acquisition by VRC01-sensitive strains. However, its influence on viral evolution post acquisition is not fully understood.
By Carolyn Williamson, Nonhlanhla N. Mkhize, Elena Giorgi, Craig A Magaret, Bronwen E. Lambson, Sinethemba Bhebhe, Haajira Kaldine, Thandeka Moyo-Gwete, Morgane Rolland, Raabya Rossenkhan, Nina Garcia Verified, Chivonne Moodley, Anna Yssel, Yunda Huang, Daniel Reeves, Bryan Mayer, Roger E. Bumgarner, Nicolas Beaume, Dylan Westfall, Michal Juraska, Allan C. deCamp, Hugh Murrell, Hongjun Bai, Wenjie Deng, Alec Pankow, Tanmoy Bhattacharya, Talita York, Nonkululeko Ndabambi, Lennie Chen, Hong Zhao, Ruwayhida Thebus, Paula Cohen, Ben Murrell, Shelly Karuna, John Hural, Nyaradzo Mgodi, Srilatha Edupuganti, Lynn Morris, David C. Montefiori, M. Juliana McElrath, Myron Cohen, Lawrence Corey, Paul T. Edlefsen, Peter Gilbert, Penny Moore, James Mullins, Lyle Curry, Alaine A. Marsden, Asanda Gwashu-Nyangiri
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Nature
Verified
The sooner you boost the better
Rapid sequential heterologous immunization schedule enhances B cell maturation in germinal centers, relative to conventionally spaced vaccination regimens.
Long-read deep sequencing reveals high rates of multilineage transmission and rapid viral population changes in acute HIV infection
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Abstract Understanding the selective forces acting upon HIV early in infection is crucial to design prevention strategies. By leveraging deep sequencing and the short diagnostic intervals of the FRESH and RV217 cohorts between the last-negative and first-positive RNA tests (median 4 days), we captured a precise and early snapshot of acute HIV infection.
By James Mullins, Wenjie Deng, Elena Giorgi, Craig A Magaret, Morgane Rolland, Tanmoy Bhattacharya, Dylan Westfall, Anna Yssel, Roger E. Bumgarner, Ben Murrell, Thumbi Ndung’u, Merlin L. Robb, Raabya Rossenkhan, Paul T. Edlefsen, Krista L Dong, Lennie Chen, Asanda Gwashu-Nyangiwe, Hong Zhao, Ruwayhida Thebus, Nonkululeko Ndabambi, Sorachai Nitayaphan, Talita York, David Matten, Hugh Murrell, Alec Pankow, Michal Juraska, James Ludwig, John Hural, Myron Cohen, Lawrence Corey, M. Juliana McElrath, Peter Gilbert, Carolyn Williamson, Bruna Galvao, Fredrick Sawe
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Nature
Verified
Correlates of severe and delta COVID-19 in a phase 3 trial of the AZD1222 vaccine
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Abstract In the phase 3 AZD1222 COVID-19 vaccine trial, anti-Spike (vaccine-matched and Delta) binding IgG antibody concentration and neutralizing antibody (nAb) titer (vaccine-matched+D614G and Delta), measured four weeks post-dose two (D57), were assessed as correlates of risk of severe COVID-19 and Delta COVID-19 over ~4 to ~13 months (severe) or ~11 months (Delta) post-D57.
By Holly Janes, Youyi Fong, Ying Huang, David Benkeser, Elizabeth Kelly, Ian Hirsch, Ann Marie Stanley, Tonya L Villafana, Christos Petropoulos, Andrew Leith, Bill Webb, Yiwen Lu, Chenchen Yu, Bhavesh Borate, Nima Hejazi, April K. Randhawa, Michele Andrasik, James G. Kublin, Margaret Brewinski Isaacs, Tina Tong, Merlin L. Robb, Lawrence Corey, Kathleen M. Neuzil, Dean Follmann, Ann R Falsey, Magdalena E. Sobieszczyk, Richard A. Koup, Peter Gilbert, Deanne Haugaard, Lars W. P. van der Laan, Mamodikoe Makhene
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Nature
Verified
Viral variant but not host factors associate with SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics
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Abstract It is challenging to assess SARS-CoV-2 viral kinetics amidst viral variant evolution and changes in population-level immunity. However, understanding the relationship between host factors and viral replication deepens our understanding of viral fitness. In CoVPN 5001, we enrolled N = 953 adults diagnosed with acute SARS-CoV-2 from July 2020 to July 2022 across 51 sites. We confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection by RT-PCR and identified the variant via viral genome sequencing.
By William Hahn, Amy Ward, Shannon Grant, Catherine Yen, April Kaur Randhawa, Xiaohong Li, Shelly Anne Ramirez, John Hural, Pavitra Roychoudhury, Colleen Kelley, Nadine Rouphael, Valeria D. Cantos, Jorge A. Pinto, Pedro Cahn, Joseph Makhema, Lynda Stranix-Chibanda, Marcelo H. Losso, Craig Innes, Lameck Chinula, Javier R. Lama, Roma Chilengi, Maphoshane Nchabeleng, Hong-Van Tieu, Brenda Hoagland, Beatriz Grinsztejn, William Brumskine, Khatija Ahmed, Carole L Wallis, Alexander L. Greninger, Lawrence Corey, Ollivier Hyrien, Leigh H. Fisher, Nicole Espy, Jennifer Hanke, Mmatsie Manentsa, Wadzanai Samaneka, Muchaneta Bhondai-Mhuri, Jorge A. Gallardo-Cartagena, Chishiba Kabengele
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Nature
Verified
Target product profiles for treatments to delay or prevent symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease
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Abstract Despite advances in understanding the mechanisms, risk factors and treatment strategies for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), no approved therapies exist to prevent or delay onset in at-risk individuals or those with elevated biomarkers who do not yet show symptoms.
By Jeffrey Cummings, Michael G. Agadjanyan, Maureen Barry, Lawrence Corey, Rachelle Doody, Suzanne Hendrix, Soeren Mattke, Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren, Eric McDade, Joseph P. Menetski, Richard C. Mohs, Katherine A. Partrick, Nikolai Petrovsky, Dennis J. Selkoe, Diego Silva, Reisa Sperling, George Vradenburg, Benjamin Tiede
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Nature
Verified
Influence of the broadly neutralizing antibody VRC01 on HIV breakthrough virus populations in antibody-mediated prevention trials
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Abstract In the antibody mediated prevention (AMP) trials, the broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) VRC01 demonstrated protective efficacy against susceptible HIV strains. To understand how VRC01 shaped breakthrough infections, deep sequencing was performed on 172 participants (>100,000 gag-Δpol and rev-env-Δnef sequences), at diagnosis and over time, in the placebo and treatment arms of the African (HVTN703/HPTN081; NCT02568215) and Americas/Europe (HVTN704/HPTN085; NCT02716675) cohorts.
By Carolyn Williamson, Chivonne Moodley, Craig A Magaret, Elena Giorgi, Morgane Rolland, Dylan Westfall, Anna Yssel, Wenjie Deng, Nonhlanhla N. Mkhize, Lennie Chen, Hong Zhao, Tanmoy Bhattacharya, Alec Pankow, Ben Murrell, Ruwayhida Thebus, Paula Cohen Verified, Bronwen E. Lambson, Michal Juraska, Hongjun Bai, Allan C. deCamp, Maurine D Miner, James Ludwig, Yunda Huang, Lily Zhang, Daniel Reeves, Bryan Mayer, Shelly Karuna, John Hural, Lynn Morris, David C. Montefiori, Penny Moore, Paul T. Edlefsen, Srilatha Edupuganti, Nyaradzo Mgodi, M. Juliana McElrath, Myron Cohen, Lawrence Corey, Peter Gilbert, James Mullins, Raabya Rossenkhan, Talita York, Asanda Gwashu-Nyangiwe, Nonkululeko Ndabambi, Haajira Kaldine, Sinethemba Bhebhe, Cindy Molitor, Nicolas Beaume, David Matten, Roger E. Bumgarner
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Nature
Verified
Vaccine induction of heterologous HIV-1-neutralizing antibody B cell lineages in humans
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Main text (Cell 187, 2919–2934.e1–e10; June 6, 2024) This paper reported the induction of HIV heterologous neutralizing B cell lineages in humans. In reviewing the data in Figure S2 listing the 197 HIV strains tested with the DH1317.4 vaccine-induced bnAb, we noticed that two of the isolates, TRO11 and X1632, were duplicated, i.e., these isolates were tested twice. Thus, the total number of unique viruses tested with the DH1317.4 broad neutralizing antibody (bnAb) has been revised from 197 to 195.
By Wilton B. Williams, S. Munir Alam, Gilad Ofek, Nathaniel Erdmann, David C. Montefiori, Michael S. Seaman, Kshitij Wagh, Bette Korber, Robert Edwards, Katayoun Mansouri, Amanda Eaton, Derek Cain, Mitchell Martin, JongIn Hwang, Xiaozhi Lu, Robert Parks, Maggie Barr, Kara Anasti, Parth Patel, Salam Sammour, Ruth Parsons, Xiao Huang, Jared Lindenberger, Susan K. Fetics, Katarzyna Janowska, Benjamin M. Janus, Anagh Astavans, Christopher Fox, Ipsita Mohanty, Yue Chen, Madison Berry, Hélène Fradin Kirshner, Elizabeth Van Itallie, Kevin Saunders, Kevin Wiehe, Kristen Cohen, M. Juliana McElrath, Lawrence Corey, Priyamvada Acharya, Stephen Walsh, Lindsey R. Baden, Barton F. Haynes, Aria Arus-Altuz, Fangping Cai, Nolan Jamieson, Andrew Foulger, Aurelie Niyongabo, Tyler Evangelous
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Cell Press
Verified
Neutralizing and binding antibodies are a correlate of risk of COVID-19 in the CoVPN 3008 study in people with HIV - Nature Communications
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Abstract People with HIV (PWH) are understudied in COVID-19 vaccine trials, leaving knowledge gaps on whether the identified immune correlates of protection also hold in PWH. CoVPN 3008 (NCT05168813) enrolled predominantly PWH and reported lower COVID-19 incidence for a Hybrid vs. Vaccine Group (baseline SARS-CoV-2-positive and one mRNA-1273 dose vs. negative and two doses).
By Nonhlanhla N. Mkhize, Bo Zhang, Daniel Schuster, Kelly E. Seaton, Nyaradzo Mgodi, April K. Randhawa, Craig A Magaret, Lindsay N. Carpp, Zhe Chen, Siyu Heng, Eduan Wilkinson, Parth Shah Verified, Taraz Samandari, Sharlaa Badal-Faesen, Katherine Gill, Steve Innes, Sharana Mahomed, James G. Kublin, Linda-Gail Bekker, Lawrence Corey, Yunda Huang, Nigel J. Garrett, Guido Ferrari, Erica Andersen-Nissen, David C. Montefiori, Penny Moore, M. Juliana McElrath, Georgia Tomaras, Peter Gilbert, Margaret Yacovone, William Brumskine, Elsje Louise Potgieter
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Nature
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Distinct immune responses in people living with HIV following SARS-CoV-2 recovery - Communications Medicine
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infection results in greater disease severity among immunocompromised individuals compared to healthy individuals. However, there is conflicting information about the impact of chronic HIV infection on immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.
Neutralizing antibody correlate of protection against severe-critical COVID-19 in the ENSEMBLE single-dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine efficacy trial - Nature Communications
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Abstract Assessment of immune correlates of severe COVID-19 has been hampered by the low numbers of severe cases in COVID-19 vaccine efficacy (VE) trials.
By Lindsay N. Carpp, David Benkeser, Daniel J. Stieh, Ying Huang, Marco Carone, Adrian McDermott, Mike Castro, Christos Petropoulos, Michal Juraska, Nima Hejazi, Paul A Goepfert, Linda-Gail Bekker, Aditya H Gaur, April K. Randhawa, Frank Struyf, Lawrence Corey, Dean Follmann, Ruben O. Donis, Peter Gilbert
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Nature
Verified
Omicron COVID-19 immune correlates analysis of a third dose of mRNA-1273 in the COVE trial - Nature Communications
Abstract In the phase 3 Coronavirus Efficacy (COVE) trial (NCT04470427), post-dose two Ancestral Spike-specific binding (bAb) and neutralizing (nAb) antibodies were shown to be correlates of risk (CoR) and of protection against Ancestral-lineage COVID-19 in SARS-CoV-2 naive participants.
Long-term safety and effectiveness of mRNA-1273 vaccine in adults: COVE trial open-label and booster phases - Nature Communications
Abstract Primary vaccination with mRNA-1273 (100-µg) was safe and efficacious at preventing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the previously reported, blinded Part A of the phase 3 Coronavirus Efficacy (COVE; NCT04470427) trial in adults (≥18 years) across 99 U.S. sites. The open-label (Parts B and C) primary objectives were evaluation of long-term safety and effectiveness of primary vaccination plus a 50-µg booster dose; immunogenicity was a secondary objective.
Journal of the International AIDS Society | IAS HIV Research Journal | Wiley Online Library
The number of new HIV acquisitions globally has declined, but not rapidly enough to meet the 2030 targets set by UNAIDS and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) [1, 2]. Despite intense efforts such as those to support the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets and to expand the availability of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), progress in primary prevention of HIV acquisition has lagged.
Author Correction: High monoclonal neutralization titers reduced breakthrough HIV-1 viral loads in the Antibody Mediated Prevention trials - Nature Communications
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Correction to: Nature Communications https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43384-y, published online 14 December 2023 The originally published version of this Article contained several errors in references to previous work.
By Daniel Reeves, Bryan Mayer, Allan C. deCamp, Yunda Huang, Bo Zhang, Lindsay N. Carpp, Craig A Magaret, Michal Juraska, Peter Gilbert, David C. Montefiori, Katharine J. Bar, E. Fabian Cardozo-Ojeda, Joshua T Schiffer, Paul T. Edlefsen, Lynn Morris, Carolyn Williamson, Kelly E. Seaton, Georgia Tomaras, Lawrence Corey, Paul A Goepfert, Martín Casapía, Shelly Karuna
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Nature
Verified
Quantifying how single dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine efficacy depends on Spike sequence features - Nature Communications
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Abstract In the ENSEMBLE randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial (NCT04505722), estimated single-dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine efficacy (VE) was 56% against moderate to severe–critical COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 Spike sequences were determined from 484 vaccine and 1,067 placebo recipients who acquired COVID-19. In this set of prespecified analyses, we show that in Latin America, VE was significantly lower against Lambda vs. Reference and against Lambda vs.
By Craig A Magaret, Allan C. deCamp, Morgane Rolland, Michal Juraska, Brian Williamson, James Ludwig, David Benkeser, Brian Simpkins, Fei Heng, Yanqing Sun, Lindsay N. Carpp, Hongjun Bai, Bethany L Dearlove, Matthew McCallum Verified, David Veesler, Jerald Sadoff, Daniel J. Stieh, Paul A Goepfert, Martín Casapía, Susan J Little, Linda-Gail Bekker, Nigel J. Garrett, Dean Follmann, Kathleen M. Neuzil, Lawrence Corey, Alexander L. Greninger, Pavitra Roychoudhury, Johan Vingerhoets, Marcelo H. Losso
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Nature
Verified
Adults on pre-exposure prophylaxis (tenofovir-emtricitabine) have faster clearance of anti-HIV monoclonal antibody VRC01 - Nature Communications
Abstract Broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are being developed for HIV-1 prevention. Hence, these mAbs and licensed oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) (tenofovir-emtricitabine) can be concomitantly administered in clinical trials.
From HVTN to CoVPN: the importance of vaccine trial networks
Vaccine Insights 2023; 2(7), 283–286 10.18609/vac.2023.041 Lawrence Corey Please enter your email to access content
Publisher Correction: Immune correlates analysis of the PREVENT-19 COVID-19 vaccine efficacy clinical trial - Nature Communications
Author notes These authors contributed equally: Richard A. Koup, Ruben O. Donis, Peter B. Gilbert. Full lists of members and their affiliations appear in the Supplementary Information. Authors and Affiliations Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA Youyi Fong, Yunda Huang, Lindsay N. Carpp, Yiwen Lu, Chenchen Yu, Bhavesh Borate, Lars W. P. van der Laan, Nima S. Hejazi, April K. Randhawa, Michele P. Andrasik, James G. Kublin, Lawrence Corey & Peter B.
Immune correlates analysis of a phase 3 trial of the AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccine - npj Vaccines
Trial design, study cohort, COVID primary endpoints, and case/non-case definitions Screening for enrollment for the US/LatAm AZD1222 trial (NCT04516746) began on August 28, 2020. A total of 32,451 participants met the eligibility criteria and were randomized (2:1 ratio) to receive two doses of either AZD1222 or placebo, one each on Days 1 and 29. Serum samples were taken on D1, D29, and D57 for antibody measurements in subset analyses.
Immune correlates analysis of the PREVENT-19 COVID-19 vaccine efficacy clinical trial - Nature Communications
Trial design, study cohort, COVID primary endpoints, and case/non-case definitions Enrollment for the PREVENT-19 trial (NCT04611802) began on December 27, 2020. The trial was conducted at 113 clinical sites in the U.S. and 6 in Mexico; the study protocol is available with ref. 6. A total of 29,949 participants were randomized (2:1 ratio) to receive two doses of NVX-CoV2373 or placebo, one each on Days 0 and 21.
Immune correlates analysis of the ENSEMBLE single Ad26.COV2.S dose vaccine efficacy clinical trial - Nature Microbiology
Trial design, study cohort, COVID primary endpoints and case/non-case definitions Enrolment for the ENSEMBLE trial began on 21 September 2020. A total of 44,325 participants were randomized (1:1 ratio) to receive a single injection of Ad26.COV2.S or placebo on D1. Serum samples were taken on D1 and on D29 for potential antibody measurements. Antibody measurements were evaluated as correlates against the moderate to severe-critical COVID-19 endpoint defined in the main text.
Neutralization titer biomarker for antibody-mediated prevention of HIV-1 acquisition - Nature Medicine
Abstract The Antibody Mediated Prevention trials showed that the broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) VRC01 prevented acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) sensitive to VRC01. Using AMP trial data, here we show that the predicted serum neutralization 80% inhibitory dilution titer (PT80) biomarker—which quantifies the neutralization potency of antibodies in an individual’s serum against an HIV-1 isolate—can be used to predict HIV-1 prevention efficacy.
Expanding Efforts and Support to Respond to the HIV and COVID-19 Intersecting Pandemics
Considerable inferential data indicate that immunocompromised persons with persistent COVID-19 infection may be involved in the generation of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern globally.1-3 The largest immunocompromised population worldwide is people living with HIV.
Phase 3 Safety and Efficacy of AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) Covid-19 Vaccine
27 References Related Articles Abstract Background The safety and efficacy of the AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccine in a large, diverse population at increased risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the United States, Chile, and Peru has not been known.
SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Patients with Immunosuppression
19 References 1 Citing Article Related Articles Introduction Patients with immunosuppression are at risk for prolonged infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
After the pandemic: perspectives on the future trajectory of COVID-19 - Nature
Abstract There is a realistic expectation that the global effort in vaccination will bring the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic under control. Nonetheless, uncertainties remain about the type of long-term association the virus will establish with the human population, particularly whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) will become an endemic disease.
The path to find an HIV vaccine
Since the discovery that a retrovirus, human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV‐1), causes the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), more than 77 million people have become infected with HIV and 37 million have died over the last 40 years [1].
Two Randomized Trials of Neutralizing Antibodies to Prevent HIV-1 Acquisition
From the Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (L.C., P.B.G., M.J., S.T.K., A.C.C., E.R., Y.H., K.E.M., J.
Prospects for a safe COVID-19 vaccine
INTRODUCTION The new human viral pathogen, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, emerged in Wuhan, China in late 2019. The global COVID-19 pandemic continues to expand in many countries, including the United States. A protective vaccine will be required to achieve sufficient herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection to ultimately control the COVID-19 pandemic (1).
Prospects for a safe COVID-19 vaccine
Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works This is an article distributed under the terms of the Science Journals Default License
Prospects for a safe COVID-19 vaccine
ReviewCORONAVIRUS View ORCID ProfileBarton F. Haynes1,*, View ORCID ProfileLawrence Corey2, View ORCID ProfilePrabhavathi Fernandes3, View ORCID ProfilePeter B. Gilbert4, Peter J. Hotez5, View ORCID ProfileSrinivas Rao6, Michael R. Santos7, View ORCID ProfileHanneke Schuitemaker8, View ORCID ProfileMichael Watson9 and View ORCID ProfileAnn Arvin10 1Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Prospects for a safe COVID-19 vaccine
Abstract Rapid development of an efficacious vaccine against the viral pathogen severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, is essential, but rigorous studies are required to determine the safety of candidate vaccines.
Prospects for a safe COVID-19 vaccine
Abstract Rapid development of an efficacious vaccine against the viral pathogen SARS-CoV-2, the cause of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, is essential, but rigorous studies are required to determine the safety of candidate vaccines.
A strategic approach to COVID-19 vaccine R&D
ILLUSTRATION: DAVIDE BONAZZI/SALZMANART There is an unprecedented need to manufacture and distribute enough safe and effective vaccine to immunize an extraordinarily large number of individuals in order to protect the entire global community from the continued threat of morbidity and mortality from severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The global need for vaccine and the wide geographic diversity of the pandemic require more than one effective vaccine approach.
A strategic approach to COVID-19 vaccine R&D
Abstract A public-private partnership and platform for harmonized clinical trials aims to accelerate licensure and distribution. There is an unprecedented need to manufacture and distribute enough safe and effective vaccine to immunize an extraordinarily large number of individuals in order to protect the entire global community from the continued threat of morbidity and mortality from severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
A strategic approach to COVID-19 vaccine R&D
Abstract A public-private partnership and platform for harmonized clinical trials aims to accelerate licensure and distribution. There is an unprecedented need to manufacture and distribute enough safe and effective vaccine to immunize an extraordinarily large number of individuals in order to protect the entire global community from the continued threat of morbidity and mortality from severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
A strategic approach to COVID-19 vaccine R&D
Abstract A public-private partnership and platform for harmonized clinical trials aims to accelerate licensure and distribution. There is an unprecedented need to manufacture and distribute enough safe and effective vaccine to immunize an extraordinarily large number of individuals in order to protect the entire global community from the continued threat of morbidity and mortality from severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
A strategic approach to COVID-19 vaccine R&D
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Combination prevention for COVID-19
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has produced the fear and disorder inevitably provoked by emerging pathogens. As such, it should also inspire consideration of our experience with HIV over the past 40 years. As with HIV, the road to reducing infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, the cause of COVID-19), and attendant morbidity and mortality, requires medical and nonmedical strategies.
Tissue-resident T cell-derived cytokines eliminate herpes simplex virus-2-infected cells
Intense immune pressure within 24 hours of HSV-2 detection. A characteristic of HSV-2 shedding episodes in chronically infected persons is rapid viral expansion, followed by a slightly more protracted clearance phase (21, 33, 34). Although most episodes share this core feature, they vary in severity. Many asymptomatic episodes are cleared in 6 to 12 hours and peak at less than 104 HSV DNA copies.
Broadly neutralizing antibodies to prevent HIV-1
Advances in technology—especially single-cell antibody cloning techniques—have led to the isolation and characterization of antibodies from people with HIV infection that can neutralize many variants (1). These are referred to as broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs).
CD277 reduces B cell Activation by HIV Env Immunogens
CD277 is a human B7-like molecule. involved in activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Its counter-receptor is unknown and its role in B cell activation has not been described. B cell lines were stably transduced with the IgG isotype of the inferred germline B cell receptor (BCR) form of the broad and potent HIV-1 neutralizing antibody, VRC01, and stimulated with recombinant HIV Env in Ca2+-dependent activation assays.
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